Solar Energy Power And Solar Energy Advantages

Solar Energy is stored in the form of Petroleum, natural gas, wood & hydroelectricity. It has been used to power all the machines. There are side effects inefficiencies other limitations in the above forms of solar energy. Now efforts are being made run the machines by converting direct Solar Energy. When we start using solar energy for chemicals electrical & thermal processes, we will start understanding the physical world around us. After understanding this, if we start using the solar energy, our life will change completely.

Solar Energy Power will become 2^nd natural source for all, when the rulers, economists, managers, engineers & all other understand the solar power, our environment, pattern of life, structured form will change.

The Shift from passive fossil fuel age to new solar power energy will be quite difficult. We will have to learn the new techniques to save our earth.

Very interesting to know, every year 3 ½ times the energy needed by all of us falls on our roof tops. So far this resource of energy has been ignored. This solar energy is available sufficient to every body in quality & quantity. We must plan the future use of solar power energy.

The Following Information is written in the 7 Picture Photos of MOSAIC THREAD made of One inch colored tiles ,This 

Solar Energy Power Complex is part of Garden of five senses.

IN TWENTY TWO DAYS THE EARTH RECEIVES AS

ENERGY FROM THE SUN AS IS BELIEVED TO BE

IN EARTH'S ENTIRE RESERVES OF FOSSIL FUEL

RECEIVES AS MUCH ENERGY.

Sun transmits energy. 1.5 X 10²¹ watt-hours (thermal) of solar radiation is received by upper atmosphere of Earth every year. This energy is 23,000 times that of used by the human population. Sun produces two-billion times the used by the human population.

It is measurement of power density of solar radiation outside Earth’s atmosphere and over the entire solar spectrum

Most reliable (1981) value for the solar constant is 1370 + 6 w / m² according to the World Meteorological Organization.

8% power, is in the ultraviolet wavelengths

47% power, is in the visible spectrum

45% in the infrared region

Solar constant. is not constant, due to the shape of Earth’s orbit.

It is+ 3.4% about January 3, when Earth is closest to the Sun. – 3.3% from average about July 5, when Earth is at its greatest distance from the Sun

Solar radiation reduces in force before reaching Earth’s surface. This is due to reflection, scattering and absorption by atmosphere that reduces part of energy. Solar radiation reaching earth is more than 10,000 times the total world’s energy use.

Diffuse radiation: Radiation scattered by striking gas, molecules, water vapor or dust particles.

Clouds are most important scattering and reflecting agents ,These are capable of reducing radiation up to 80%.. But it can not be predicted.

The radiation from the Sun is called direct or beam radiation.

Global radiation is total solar radiation on the surface .

Modern Research In Solar Technology is focused on most efficient

ways of capturing solar energy. It also researches to convert captured energy to useful purposes. Other power sources which are the indirect forms of solar energy: wind, biomass, hydropower and the tropical ocean surfaces. Most of these energy resources is largely untapped.

Major technologies using solar energy

(1) The heat content of solar radiation is used to provide moderate-temperature heat for space comfort conditioning of buildings,

(2) Moderate and high – temperature heat for industrial processes and high –

(3) Temperature heat for generating electricity.

(2) Photovoltaic’s convert solar energy directly into electricity.

(3) Biomass technologies exploit the chemical energy produced through photosynthesis (a reaction energized by solar radiation) to produce energy – rich fuels and chemicals and to provide direct heat for many uses.

(4) Wind energy systems generate mechanical energy, primarily for conversion to electric power.

(5) Finally, a number of ocean energy applications are being pursued; the most advanced is ocean thermal energy conversion, which uses temperature differences between warm ocean surface water and cooler deep water to produce elect

Depending on atmospheric thickness and content

Atmospheric absorption and scattering amount of solar radiation depends upon the distance through which the radiation travels.

Spectral irradiance is a function of air mass.

Air mass zero represent zero mass of air through which the Sun’s rays must pass

The solar declination, the angle between the Earth-Sun line and Earth’s equatorial plane,

It varies as Earth circles the Sun and this affects the solar radiation reaching the ground.

Amount of solar energy incident on a horizontal surface at sea level

=ranges up to 2400 Btu/ft² – day (7 kWh/m²-day).

The sites between latitudes 35^° N and 35°S receive between 2000 and 3500 h of sunshine per year; higher latitudes receive less.

SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM IN BUILDINGS

  There are two types of systems which employ the solar energy systems

1)    Passive solar energy systems.

It uses the building in combination with solar energy as an energy-saving system.  In order to reduce the fuel energy consumption,  A passive building uses its various  properties like site features, structure, environment and the material used. Day light gives light to inside of building is called passive lighting

What is a  Heating systems? 

The Solar thermal system has three parts.

1 Collector system,

2 Storage system,

3 Distribution System.

The building is collector in a passive solar heating system.

Sun’s rays through windows heat the room or space in direct sunlight in direct systems. The extra heat is stored for later use in the walls and floor of building.

Popular passive heating systems are greenhouse and sunspaces.

Cooling systems. When the passive heating system is reversed , passive solar cooling occurs at night.  The building radiate heat to the sky. The building walls cool down, and the building cools down inside. These Cool building wall keep the building cool without any air conditioning.

Natural ventilation, is another form of passive cooling. If walls have ventilators near the ceiling.  As heated air rises to the ceiling  and exit through the top openings, cooler air will enter  through the lower openings.

If a building is shaded during the summer, natural cooling also occurs.

  Garden of five senses is  home to the Delhi’s first Solar Energy Park set up with the assistance the Ministry of Non Conventional Energy Sources. A large pavilion holds solar powered cars, computer & bicycles, solar bus and a solar home creating awareness regarding the renewable energy sources. The Solar Energy Park is listed in the 2004, Limca Book of Records.

Solar energy can be converted to heat by using a collector system. This heat can be used in building, industry, and agriculture sectors.

Collector system has two parts concentrator and receiver. Sunlight is redirected and focussed on the receiver by concentrator. Solar Radiation is absorbed and converted into heat.

There are two types of Solar collectors.

1. Focusing

2. Nonfocusing collectors are kept fixed. These give low-temperature outputs

Solar pond and the evacuated-tube collector are this class of collectors

One type of solar collector is salt-gradient solar pond. A thin layer low-salinity water covers a layer of water in which a salinity gradient is created. The bottom layer is usually at or near salt saturation. Sunlight passing water is absorbed and heats bottom layer. The salt concentration increase the liquid density and prevents the natural convection. The heat trapped and stored at the bottom can be extracted for use.

Several solar ponds are operating around the world. The bottom hot brine, with temperatures near 180⁰F (80⁰C), can provide low-temperature heat for many industry or electricity generation.

The evacuated-tube collector can provide temperatures of up to 300⁰F (150⁰C) for industrial process steam.

Several solar ponds are operating around the world. The bottom hot brine, with temperatures near 180⁰F (80⁰C), can provide low-temperature heat for many industry or electricity generation.

The evacuated-tube collector can provide temperatures of up to 300⁰F (150⁰C) for industrial process steam.